The first Ḥanafīs, the students of Abū Ḥanīfah (rahimahullāh) (d. 150H), were upon the ʿaqīdah of the Salaf. They reprimanded kalām and its people--the Jahmiyyah and Muʿtazilah--who had appeared with a new doctrine in the 2nd century hijrah based upon the language of Aristotle of bodies (ajsām) and accidents (aʿrāḍ). This is the ʿilm al-kalām (speculative theology) that the Salaf condemned during the second and third centuries after hijrah. Download PDF File (18 pages).